These included: age ≥65 years (HR = 2.42, 95%CI: 1.66–3.52, P < 0.001), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (HR = 3.79, 95%CI: 1.78–8.10, P < 0.001), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (HR = 1.002, 95%CI: 1.001–1.003, P < 0.001), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (HR = 1.002, 95%CI: 1.001–1.003, P < 0.001). Here, GPT is linked to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.