ACMSD and central nervous system cancer: Meanwhile, the enzyme ACMSD Kynureninase(KYNU) catalyzes the production of anthranilic acid(AA), whose high expression is significantly associated with a shorter overall survival in glioma patients and is a reliabacts as a critical “molecular switch” by diverting its substrate(ACMS) toward picolinic acid(PIC) and away from the neurotoxic metabolite quinolinic acid(QUIN) (Brundin et al., 2016; Fargher et al., 2025).