The hDLE used in this study modulates the levels of proinflammatory cytokines, interferon gamma, and the NRL ratio in preclinical models when orally and intraperitoneally administered (Salinas-Jazmin et al., 2015; Muñoz et al., 2022), and improves the quality of life in adult patients with allergic rhinitis when orally administered (Homberg et al., 2023). Here, IFNG is linked to allergic rhinitis.