Similarly, Liu et al. found that in HFD/STZ-induced T2DM rats, LBP up-regulated pancreas duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX-1) mRNA, a key transcription factor involved in β-cell differentiation and insulin gene activation, which augmented insulin production and stabilized glucose levels (52, 53). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.