In HFD-induced IR mice livers and palmitate (PA) -induced HepG2 cells (human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line), LBP enhanced the phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), and protein kinase B (AKT), thus promoting insulin signaling transduction (34). This evidence concerns the gene IRS1 and hepatocellular carcinoma.