REN and Insulin resistance: Insulin resistance (reflected by TyG) impairs renal function by disrupting glomerular hemodynamics and activating the renin-angiotensin system (27, 28); elevated triglycerides induce renal lipotoxicity through cellular damage and inflammatory signaling (29–31); while increased adiposity (reflected by BMI) amplifies these pathological processes through adipokine dysregulation and chronic inflammation (32, 33).