In contrast, addition of HA-M-EV to slices from control rats induce the same alterations than hyperammonemia per se on the TNFα–TNFR1–S1PR2–IL-1β–BDNF–TrkB pathway and the IL-1β–NR2B–GluA1–GluA2 pathway. Here, TNFRSF1A is linked to Hyperammonemia.