In this study, SCFA injection improved cognitive impairment in these mice and reduced neuroinflammation, but this effect was reversed by a GPR43 antagonist; therefore, GPR43 receptors are crucial for the protective effects of SCFAs against neuroinflammation and the protection of cognitive function in SAE (Liao et al., 2022). The gene discussed is FFAR2; the disease is Cognitive impairment.