Although our biomarker and clinical data strongly implicate oxidative stress and inflammasome activation in PD, future work will include Seahorse XF extracellular flux analyses in patient-derived cells to quantify OCR/ECAR parameters (basal/ATP-linked respiration, maximal respiration, spare capacity) and test their associations with SIRT1/Nrf2/NLRP3 and clinical outcomes. Here, NLRP3 is linked to Parkinson disease.