TRAF6 and hepatocellular carcinoma: For instance, in studies using HCC Hep3B and Huh7 cells, treatment with specific concentrations of AT-II significantly increased the levels of Fe2+, lipid ROS, and malondialdehyde (MDA) compared to controls, while markedly downregulating the protein expression level of xCT and GPX4 and reducing glutathione (GSH) levels; these effects could be significantly reversed by TRAF6 overexpression [63].