Markers of nutritional reserve such as albumin (and, in some settings, prealbumin) are commonly used to capture frailty, inflammation, and nutritional risk; perioperative hypoalbuminemia and low prealbumin have been associated with worse postoperative outcomes, including pulmonary complications, plausibly through reduced physiologic reserve and impaired muscle performance [164,165]. The gene discussed is ALB; the disease is Hypoalbuminemia.