Adiponectin levels significantly differed between obesity groups, with adiponectin levels significantly lower in obese PCOS women compared to non-obese counterparts (OR = 1.15, 95% CI (1.05–1.27); FDR-adjusted p = 0.006) confirming the inverse relationship between adiponectin and obesity status. This evidence concerns the gene ADIPOQ and polycystic ovary syndrome.