We have previously demonstrated that <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>Hp</i>) (<i>cagA<sup>+</sup>vacA</i><sup>+</sup>) contributes to GC development by activating gastric fibroblasts toward CAF-like phenotype, eliciting aggressive, cancer stem cells (CSCs)-related malignant transformation of LGR5<sup>+</sup> normal epithelial cells. Here, HP is linked to cancer.