In 2023, Carranza et al. found that COX-2 inhibitors, particularly eterocoxib, reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 in infected blood, modulated genes associated with inflammation and immune regulation, and did not impair the immune system’s ability to control M. tuberculosis growth, suggesting that COX-2 inhibitors could be a promising adjunctive therapy in TB treatment [90]. This evidence concerns the gene PTGS2 and tuberculosis.