IGF1R and Parkinson disease: KEGG pathway enrichment analysis identified several signaling pathways closely related to PD pathogenesis, including mTOR signaling (hsa04150; AKT3, IGF1R, RAF1, FGFR1, EIF4B), PI3K-Akt signaling (hsa04151; AKT3, IGF1R, VEGFA, FGFR1, RAF1), MAPK signaling (hsa04010; AKT3, IGF1R, VEGFA, FGFR1, MAPK8), and Hippo signaling (hsa04390; SMAD7, AXIN2, LATS1, LATS2, YAP1).