Its activation upregulates thermogenic genes such as UCP1 and PGC-1α, supporting mitochondrial activity and energy dissipation Loss of TRPV2 impairs UCP1 expression, reduces thermogenic capacity, cold intolerance and increases susceptibility to obesity and insulin resistance, underscoring its essential role in adaptive thermogenesis and metabolic homeostasis [132]. The gene discussed is PPARGC1A; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.