PAX8 and ovarian cancer: Compared with established diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for ovarian cancer CA125 (cancer antigen 125; mucin-16, MUC16), HE4 (human epididymis protein 4; WAP four-disulfide core domain protein 2, WFDC2), and PAX8 (paired box gene 8) as well as the broadly used surveillance biomarker CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen; CEACAM5), CDH2 showed lower diagnostic performance than PAX8 (AUC = 0.983), CA125 (AUC = 0.993), and HE4 (AUC = 0.997) (all p <0.05), but outperformed CEA (AUC = 0.666, p < 0.05) (Figure 6B).