MYOD1 and diabetes mellitus: On the myogenic axis, the trajectory advances from Pax-7- and MyoD-driven activation to myogenin and mature MyHC-driven maturation; in diabetes, baseline endothelial and myogenic defects heighten dependence on vascular stabilization and a low-inflammation milieu, so a parallel, phase-weighted framework best accounts for the multi-omic concordance on days 7 and 14 [1,38,39].