Another study from Zhou X et al. [33] said that ART can increase ROS and activate AMPK-mTOR-ULK1 pathway in human bladder urothelial carcinoma cells (BUCs), so it downregulates Bcl-2 protein and upregulates cleaved-caspase3 and cleaved-PARP proteins, which leads to apoptosis because of caspase-dependent autophagy. This evidence concerns the gene ULK1 and bladder transitional cell carcinoma.