AKT1 and neoplasm: In BUC treatment, LIEN induces cellular senescence and suppresses proliferation by inhibiting the CDK2/4 and PI3K/AKT pathways in BUCs, and the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway is critical for LIEN’s anti-BUC activity that LIEN inhibits tumor growth by reducing the expression of phosphorylated AKT1 (p-AKT1) and promoting AKT1 degradation, thereby blocking the PI3K/AKT signaling cascade and decreasing p-AKT levels to activate the FOXO3a signaling pathway [149].