These markers allow breast cancer to be classified into the following subtypes: luminal A (ER and/or PR+, HER2−, Ki-67 low), luminal B (ER and/or PR+, HER2−, Ki-67 high) or (ER and/or PR+, HER2+), HER2-enriched (ER and PR−, HER2+), and triple-negative (ER−, PR−, HER2−). Here, ESR1 is linked to breast carcinoma.