We stratified patients in a Normal-Syndecan-1 and an Elevated-Syndecan-1 group based on syndecan-1 levels measured in outpatient controls without infection, and measured 32 biomarkers reflective of five pathophysiological domains involved in sepsis immunopathology: coagulation activation, endothelial cell activation and dysfunction, cytokines, neutrophil degranulation, systemic inflammation and organ damage. Here, SDC1 is linked to infection.