The following genes demonstrated increased expression levels in breast tumors (Fig 1A): ATG3, ATG7, ATG9B, ATG101, RUBCN, CERKL, AMBRA1, ATG4A, ATG4B, ATG4D, ATG12P1, ATG12P2, ATG16L1, ATG16L2, ATG4AP1, ULK1, BECN2, VMA21, CISD2, VMP1, and C16orf70. Here, VMA21 is linked to breast neoplasm.