The prognostic significance of GDF-15 is not limited to acute events: in stable CAD patients, higher GDF-15 levels have been found to be predictive of future cardiovascular events and mortality, independently of other established biomarkers such as N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) [91]. Here, GDF15 is linked to coronary artery disorder.