PTGS2 and myeloid leukemia: The compound promotes differentiation in diverse cell lines, including myeloid leukemia cells, and exhibits growth-inhibitory effects on a range of human tumor cell lines. It also downregulates pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1, IFN-γ, and TNF-α, thereby reducing the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2).