TGFB1 and Myocardial fibrosis: Serum measurements of myocardial fibrosis markers revealed that levels of TGF-β1, CTGF, and galectin-3 (Gal-3) were significantly elevated in MIRI model versus sham mice (all p < 0.001); however, the WLWDS-11-H group showed a significant decrease in serum levels of TGF-β1, CTGF, and Gal-3 relative to model mice (all p < 0.001; Figure 1E).