In rats (Sprague–Dawley CHF model): 100 mg/kg/day, i.v., 8 weeks; sham operation group (NS)/CHF model group (NS)/captopril groupIn vitro (rat CMECs, inflammation model): 0.5 mg/mL YQFM or 100 μmol/L metabolites; TNF-α stimulation group/dexamethasone (10 μmol/L). This evidence concerns the gene TNF and congestive heart failure.