Vanillic Acid inhibits arginase activity and the expression of Hif-2α/Hif-1β, promotes the expression and phosphorylation of eNOS, enhances the NO signaling pathway, and alleviates pulmonary vasoconstriction, remodeling, and fibrosis in PAH (Wang et al., 2022). This evidence concerns the gene ARNT and pulmonary arterial hypertension.