IL10 and pneumonia: IL-10 was strongly elevated in COVID-19 pneumonia versus healthy controls (SMD = 1.26, 95% CI 0.96–1.57, p < 0.00001), but the comparison between COVID-19 with pneumonia and COVID-19 without pneumonia groups was not significant (SMD = 0.15, 95% CI –0.24–0.54, p = 0.45).