EPO and cancer: Many studies demonstrate that several growth factors, including VEGF, HCF, Ang-2, TGF-α, EPO, SCF, FGF, and PDGF-BB, and pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and CXCL8, can play a significant role in cancer cell proliferation (21)The role of VEGF, EGF, IL-8, and FGF-2 in angiogenesis to supply oxygen and nutrients in the microenvironment of growing tumors or metastasis has been determined (31).