ALK and small cell lung carcinoma: SCLC transformation from NSCLC harboring actionable oncogenic alterations (AGAs) is a well-characterized clinical phenomenon especially in the era of potent TKI-targeted therapies against driver alterations, including EGFR and ALK. The SCLC transformation is associated with overall poor clinical outcome and lack of standard-of-care therapies, posing a particular challenge to patients and physicians.