GTEs and environmental enrichment (EE) improve cognition in down syndrome (DS), part of the mechanism lies in inhibiting dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1A (Dyrk1A) protein phosphorylation activity (De Toma et al., 2020, De Toma et al., 2019). This evidence concerns the gene DYRK1A and Dravet syndrome.