It is recommended that future research expand the sample size, include more possible influencing factors, and use multivariate meta-regression and stratified sensitivity analysis to more comprehensively and systematically reveal the root causes of heterogeneity in the association between serum IGF-I and prostate cancer risk, providing a more solid theoretical basis for subsequent evidence-based research and molecular epidemiological prevention and control. This evidence concerns the gene IGF1 and Familial prostate cancer.