The core controversy currently faced in the research on glioma–glia cell crosstalk lies in the contradiction of the role of the immune microenvironment: The dynamic balance mechanism between microglia and macrophages in tumor‐promoting polarization (such as TGF‐β‐mediated angiogenesis) and potential antitumor functions (such as antigen presentation) has not been clarified. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is glioma.