CAR-T cells are being developed for targets such as mesothelin, Mucin 16 (MUC16), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), folate receptor alpha (FRα), and Müllerian inhibiting substance type 2 receptor (MISIIR) (47, 61), with MISIIR-CAR-T showing selective cytotoxicity and significant tumor suppression in xenograft models with minimal off-target effects. Here, MSLN is linked to neoplasm.