Early-phase trials are assessing chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells against antigens such as mesothelin, MUC16 (CA-125), Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2), and folate receptor-α (FRα) (NCT03916679, NCT03585764), while preclinical studies highlight Müllerian inhibiting substance type II receptor MISIIR/AMHR2 as EC-relevant targets (47), with MISIIR-directed CAR-T cells showing selective cytotoxicity, patient-derived tumor killing, and tumor growth inhibition in xenograft models with minimal off-target effects. This evidence concerns the gene MSLN and neoplasm.