HMGCR and cancer: The cholesterol-mediated includes the inhibition of the mevalonate pathway, where statins block HMG-CoA reductase, disrupting the synthesis of isoprenoids necessary for the activation of small GTPases (e.g., Ras and Rho), reducing cancer cell proliferation; and disruption of lipid rafts, where lowering cholesterol levels impairs the function of proteins involved in cell signaling, adhesion, and migration, thus limiting cancer cell invasion.