Prognostic and therapeutic relevance were evaluated in TCGA-KIRC and ICB-treated cohorts.<h4>Results</h4>Seven fibroblast subtypes were identified, among which periostin (POSTN)-positive cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) were selectively enriched in tumors and exhibited strong activation of TGF-β, PI3K-AKT, and extracellular-matrix pathways. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is cancer.