Blockading of p75NTR tipped the suppression of mTBI-induced microglial activation towards the pro-inflammatory M1-like phenotype, which was accompanied by a reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and iNOS), less myelin damage, and a significant improvement in trauma-induced cognitive deficits. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is Cognitive impairment.