HLA-C and cancer: From a molecular mechanism perspective, cancer cells can establish an immune‐evasive microenvironment through various pathways, including the production of immunosuppressive factors, upregulation of immune checkpoint proteins, and downregulation of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, thereby effectively evading the immune system's surveillance and cytotoxic capabilities [15, 16, 17, 18, 19].