PRKG1 and diabetes mellitus: Although current application data in special populations is still limited, and some mechanisms—such as miRNA-regulated lipid metabolism and PKA/PKG-mediated renal protective pathways—still require further clinical verification, GLP-1RA, as an important tool for precise T2DM treatment, will continue to strengthen its core position in diabetes and related metabolic diseases through structural optimization, dosage form improvement, and the development of multi-target agonists.