In asthma, allergen-induced protein misfolding (e.g., ovalbumin aggregates) triggers Golgi stress, activating the Golgi stress response (GSR) (111) Persistent Golgi stress response (GSR) upregulates NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) within the Golgi apparatus, leading to a substantial increase in localized ROS production. Here, NOX4 is linked to asthma.