aPAP: Autoimmune pulmonary alveolar proteinosis; RA: rheumatoid arthritis; LEF, leflunomide; PSL, prednisone; SASP, salazosulfapyridine; MTX, methotrexate; SOB, shortness of breath; DOE, dyspnea on exertion; DC, dry cough; WLL, whole-lung lavage; GI, GM-CSF inhalation; CS, systemic corticosteroid. The gene discussed is CSF2; the disease is rheumatoid arthritis.