Retinal NLRP3 expression was significantly elevated in MCI and further increased in AD compared with normal-cognition controls (2.1- and 3.6-fold, respectively; p < 0.001–0.0001), with strong colocalization with caspase-1, which itself was upregulated 2.5-fold in AD but not MCI. Here, NLRP3 is linked to Alzheimer disease.