CD274 and lung carcinoma: In this study, we employed AI-based multimodal analysis to quantify the quality of short-video content related to denosumab combined with PD-1/PD-L1 therapy on Douyin, Bilibili, and Xiaohongshu (24, 29), and to investigate how varying content quality may contribute to cognitive bias and influence immunologic awareness and related clinical decision-making among patients with lung cancer bone metastasis (Figure 1).