With respect to study populations, trials of DPP-4 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists enrolled only patients with T2D, whereas trials of SGLT2 inhibitors comprised two types of cohorts: (1) patients with T2D (7 trials) and (2) individuals with or without T2D (6 trials). The gene discussed is DPP4; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.