For instance (Kou et al., 2023), demonstrated that GPS administration significantly reduced liver function indicators (ALT and AST) in H2O2-induced HepG2 cells, and two other studies on NASH mice reported that GPS lowered the levels of TC, TG, ALT and AST (Yong et al., 2024; Huang et al., 2024) the levels of TC, TG and LDL-C (Huang et al., 2024) in the serum. Here, GPT is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.