TGFB1 and neoplasm: Based on these immunogenomic findings, for example, Cluster 1 (immune-desert with low PD-L1 expression, low TMB, and frequent FGFR3 mutations) could be more suitable for cytotoxic or targeted therapies, including antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) or erdafitinib (FGFR inhibitor) while Cluster 2-Sub 1 (immune activation and high immune suppression) may require combination approaches to modulate the tumor microenvironment, such as ICIs combined with TGF-β inhibitors.