Mechanistically, L. curvatus DCF0620 treatment controlled the infiltration of cells that express pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17) and fibrotic markers (TGF-β, Col1, and α-SMA) into the intestinal tissue of DSS-induced colitis mice. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is colitis.