CLPB and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: These findings align with other research supporting the role of gut bacteria in obesity treatment; for example, preclinical and clinical studies have shown that the commensal intestinal bacterium Hafnia alvei 4597 can aid in weight management due to the anorexigenic effects of its heat shock protein ClpB, an antigen-mimetic of α-MSH.63