PPARGC1A and hypertensive nephropathy: Modern studies have shown that it increases the expression of SIRT1, PGC-1α, Nrf1, and TFAM, activates PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy; and regulates the SIRT1/PGC-1α-mitophagy pathway, clears damaged mitochondria, and thereby exerts renoprotective and antifibrotic effects in hypertensive nephropathy [164].