Among the PRRs triggering microglial reactivity, the intracellular NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) has been shown to play essential roles in various neuropathological conditions such as Parkinson ́s disease (PD), Alzheimer ́s disease (AD), and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) (4–7). The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is Alzheimer disease.