Although Aβneg MCI usually represents a heterogeneous population characterized by various non-AD pathophysiological processes, such as cerebrovascular injury, TDP-43 pathology, or age-related neurodegeneration (7, 13), it should be noted that 21% of individuals with Aβneg MCI progressed to AD within approximately 2.5 years (14), with an equivalent annual rate of approximately 9%, which exceeds that of cognitively healthy older adults. This evidence concerns the gene TARDBP and Alzheimer disease.